Сегодняшний урок - это практикум по определению маркеров в придаточных определительных. Множество примеров, приведенных в уроке, помогут вам закрепить знания.
Например The new book which I read in two days will leave a lasting impression.
1. One of the German officers who attended the meeting was Field Marshal Erwin Rommel.
2. Agriculture relies on water, which may be scarce at times.
3. A museum curator who was determined to read the label at every exhibit spent five full days at the museum.
4. The flight of stairs led to dungeons where men were penned with beasts until their execution.
5. The village had a church which was probably built in the fifth century.
6. The storks that stop at the lagoon on their way north are protected.
7. The tourists whom the guide had shown through the museum were impressed with the collection.
8. The largest mosaic in the world is in Mexico City where Juan O’Gorman’s work covers 1,000 square meters of the university library walls.
Упражнение 2: Определение придаточных определительных
Подчеркните придаточное определительное и заключите в скобки то слово главного предложения, к которому относится это придаточное.
Например I finally met (someone) who knew the answer.
1. The date on which Romulus founded Rome is generally considered to be 753 B.C.
2. Chekhov’s calling The Seagull a comedy is a description that has puzzled playgoers, directors, and even critics.
3. Those who flip through this brochure will find it very entertaining.
4. The common hedgehog, which has outlived the mammoth and the sabre-toothed tiger, is now threatened by traffic.
5. Shakespeare wrote plays people have enjoyed for four centuries.
6. The impression he gave was that he wouldn't arrive before Monday.
7. An added attraction to the park is an enclosure where children can play with baby goats.
8. A balance between nature and human beings which will safeguard succeeding generations is what humanity should strive for.
Упражнение 3: Проверка маркера в придаточных предложениях
Напишите букву "C" (=correct), если маркер придаточного верен, и "IC" (incorrect), если маркер использован неправильно.
Например The car who I brought is my father's. (IC)
В этом предложении использован неправильный маркер, так как "who" относится к существительным или местоимениям, называющим людей. Здесь следует использовать либо "that", либо "which."
1. California's San Joaquin Valley, where has lured settlers throughout the years, is rimmed by beautiful mountains.
2. Edward Kazarian, which is a master of making miniatures, uses microscopes and diamond-tipped tools to create figures the size of the head of a pin.
3. People who love car racing always enjoy the Indianapolis 500.
4. The vast oil spill that smeared the coast cost millions to clean up.
5. The person whose is in charge of reservations warns people to call in early.
6. Using low doses of antibiotics which don't kill the bacteria only helps it develop its resistance.
7. The last city of the Pyu civilization, who flourished from the first to ninth centuries B.C., lies about 160 miles from Rangoon, Burma.
8. Anna Freud, when was the daughter of Sigmund Freud, was an eminent psychoanalyst as well.
Упражнение 4: Выберите правильный маркер
Выберите один ответ из предложенных четырех.
Например A new species of tomato .................... is adapted to harsh climatic conditions has been developed.
(A) what
(B) where (C) that
(D) who
В этом предложении следует выбрать маркер, определяющий слово "tomato." Вариант (A) неверен, так как слово "what" не может быть использовано в придаточном определительном. Ответ (B) теоретически должен характеризовать какое-то место, в то время как вариант (D) теоретически определяет какого-то человека. Остается вариант (C) - вспомните, что маркер "that" может характеризовать как людей, так и вещи.
1. New Orleans is a city .................... older traditions can still be seen.
(A) those
(B) that
(C) which
(D) where
2. The preservation of ancient sites and historical buildings is a job .................... requires a person ready to fight a long battle.
(A) whose
(B) which
(C) whom
(D) where
3. Monteverdi, .................... works were mainly written on commission for private theaters of wealthy Italian nobility, wrote his final opera in 1642.
(A) which
(B) who
(C) whom
(D) whose
4. Crossing Death Valley, .................... temperatures reach well above 110° Fahrenheit, was a near insurmountable task for the early pioneers.
(A) when
(B) where
(C) that
(D) those
5. Marine excavation is a race against time, the sea, and the looters .................... want history's treasures for themselves.
(A) which
(B) who
(C) whose
(D) those
6. Those for .................... skiing is an obsession would find life in the Snowy Mountains to their liking.
(A) which
(B) where
(C) whom
(D) whose
7. T. A. Watson's business involved building models for inventors .................... had ideas but lacked the means or skills to execute them.
(A) who
(B) when
(C) whose
(D) to whom
8. Glaucoma, .................... is often called tunnel vision, happens when a buildup of pressure in the eye gradually shrinks the field of vision.
(A) where
(B) why
(C) which
(D) when
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