Упражнение 1. Обозначение нескольких значений слов

Данное в задании слово может иметь несколько значений. Некоторые из них могут представлять собой различные формы этого слова (например, существительное, глагол, прилагательное или причастие). Отметьте звездочкой (*) слова, которые могут быть значением для данного слова.

Пример note

__*__message
__*__jot down
_____dim
__*__take notice of
_____remain


1. pilot
_____ test
_____ landing
_____ fault
_____ restrain
_____ navigate

2. gain
_____ profit
_____ gallows
_____ win
_____ acquire
_____ distort

3. annual
_____ crowd
_____ endure
_____ yearbook
_____ holiday
_____ yearly

4. foundation
_____ endowment
_____ hinder
_____ installation
_____ justification
_____ base

5. list
_____ lean
____ garb
_____ brag
_____ enumerate
____ mediocrity

6. range
_____ vary
_____ extent
_____ attic
_____ breathe
_____ grazing lands

7. loose
_____ decorate
_____ limp
_____ unfastened
_____ vacant
_____ free

8. border
_____ barrier
_____ frontier
_____ boundary
_____ edge
_____ projection

9. absorb
_____ jeer
_____ take in
_____ effect
_____ consume
_____ monopolize

10. shed
_____ hut
_____ shelf
_____ emit
_____ filter
_____ cast off

Упражнение 2. Использование слов с множеством значений в предложениях

Пометьте предложение звездочкой (*), если данное в задании слово может заменить подчеркнутое в предложении без изменения смысла выражения.

Пример poor

__*__The inferior quality of the metal makes it unsuitable for use in building construction.
_____The denial added insult to injury.
__*__The family sat down to a meager meal.
__*__The agriculture specialists analyzed the contents of the impoverished soil.


l. lot
___ The exact number of stars in the galaxy is not known.
___ The fate of many Indian tribes was tragic.
___ The family bought the portion of land beside their farm.
___ Homing pigeons lose their sense of direction in fog.

2. stock
____ Some stores keep a large inventory of goods on reserve.
___ Many scientists believe that human beings and apes are descended from a common ancestor.
___ Sigmund Freud claimed that an individual's character results from primitive biological drives.
___ Al Capone, the gangster, was finally brought to trial for income tax evasion.

3. pelt
___ A quartet is a musical composition for four voices or instruments.
___ The robin nests in a great variety of locations.
___ The skin of the common raccoon is considered valuable.
___ To bombard a prisoner with garbage was once a common form of punishment.

4. stage
___ The grain in a rice husk is known as "paddy."
___ The part of a journey spent waiting in an airport is often the most tiresome.
___ The theatrical company wanted to perform a one-act play at the centennial festivities.
___ The child was in Piaget's second period of development.

5. mean
____ Most governments intend to improve the living standards of their citizens.
____ The average age of the North American population is increasing.
____ Dogs of certain species can become vicious if ill-treated.
____ Plantar warts, which occur on the soles of feet, cause a good deal of discomfort.

6. word
____ The term "mortgage" originally comes from Norman-French.
____ It is considered unethical to break one's promise.
____ The oath of a witness is a legal requirement.
____ Archaeological discoveries show that the ancient legend has a factual basis.

7. yield
___ Many factors contribute to the output of cultivated crops.
___ Vehicles must give way when approaching a road intersection.
___ Archaeologists deduce the activities of prehistoric peoples from various sources.
___ Careful planning should produce accurate results.

8. bore
___ The diameter of an engine cylinder can be carefully calculated.
___ Geologists drill deep holes in the ground in their search for oil.
___ Too many commercials tire the television watcher.
___ To help people was Mother Teresa's desire.

9. pen
___ A well-built enclosure is necessary to prevent farm animals from wandering.
___ The author was asked to write an article for the magazine.
___ In seventeenth-century Europe, people thought it necessary to confine the insane in prisons.
___ Unlike most farm animals, poultry swallow their food whole.

10. peer
___ Some scholars argue that Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter has no equal among nineteenth-century American novels.
___ The gang leader John Dillinger managed to escape from prison using a false gun made from soap.
___ The scabies mite was the cause of the itch the child complained of.
___ People who look at computer screens for extended periods may develop eye problems.

Упражнение 3. Распознавание антонимов и синонимов

Пометьте пару буквой S, если слова в ней синонимичны (значения одинаковы), или буквой А, если эти слова являются антонимами (их значения противоположны). Никак не помечайте слова, которые не являются ни синонимами, ни антонимами.

Пример __S___ jump leap
__A____ outgoing introverted

1. _____polish shine
2. _____especially notably
3. _____state declare
4. _____wound heal
5. _____folded outstretched
6. _____liquids fluids
7. _____obliquely directly
8. _____compulsory mandatory
9. ___feeble strong
10. ___roughly sturdily
11. ___hatch die
12. ___sensation sensitive
13. ___coverage reportage
14. ___rival ally
15. ___heyday tradition

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