GMAT: Проверь себя | Тесты, Справочник

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1. The correct answer is (C).

Choice (A) is confusing in its intended meaning; the use of the word "simultaneously" suggests that two or more items are attained. If the sentence had continued with the phrase "global and regional dominance," the use of the word "simultaneously" would have made more sense.

Choice (B) confuses the perspective (tense) of the sentence with the use of the word "would." The present tense is preferable here to convey the sentence's intended meaning.

Choice (C) excludes the confusing word "simultaneously" to clarify the sentence's meaning.

Choice (D) creates a nonsensical sentence by foiling to set up a subordinate modifying clause before "a country."

Choice (E) includes the awkward phrase "during any country's attaining." Also, the use of "a country" twice is unnecessarily wordy and redundant.

2. The correct answer is (E).

Choice (A) creates confusion by separating the two parallel clauses "the greater ..." and "the less ...."
Also, "will be" is unnecessary and undermines the parallel structure of the two clauses.

Choice (B) improperly omits "between two particles" immediately following "distance," thereby creating confusion as to what the word "distance" refers to.

Choice (C) creates a faulty parallel between the two main clauses; "a lesser" should be replaced with "less" to parallel "more" in the preceding clause.

Choice (D) includes two related idiomatic problems: "the less of a" and "the more of a" are both idiomatically improper. Both phrases should exclude the word "of."

Choice (E) remedies both problems with the original sentence. The words "smaller" and "lesser" are properly used interchangeably here, because both refer to amount rather than quantity.

3. The correct answer is (C).

The original sentence, while not grammatically incorrect per se, awkwardly sets off "men" by itself with commas, improperly suggesting that "men" is one item in a series of items.

Choice (B) misplaces the modifying clause "especially Civil War generals"; this clause should appear closer to its antecedent ("men").

Choice (C) remedies the original sentence's problem, clarifying the sentence's meaning by positioning "generations" immediately before "men."

Choice (D) includes the awkwardly constructed phrase "Civil War generals especially, and men in general." Not only is the phrase clumsy and unnecessarily wordy, the word "general" carries a different meaning the second time that the sentence uses it, creating further confusion.

Choice (E) misplaces the modifier "especially Civil War generals," suggesting that Napoleon was a Civil War general, as well as presenting an apparent pronoun disagreement between "generals" and "his."

4. The correct answer is (B).

The original sentence A presents an incomplete form of the idiomatic comparative phrase "... as [adjective] as . ..." Removing the second comparison (set off by commas) reveals the omission of "as" ("is as crucial... as").

Choice (B) completes the form of the idiomatic phrase by including the word "as."

Choice (C) presents an incomplete form, omitting "crucial" in the second comparison.

Choice (D) improperly uses "than" instead of "as" in the first comparison ("as crucial . . . than"). At the same time, the second comparison is incomplete; the comparative clause set off by commas must embrace "than."

Choice (E) corrects only the first of the two problems with choice (D), as well as creating a new problem: The word "as" should precede (not follow) the parenthetical comparison.

5. The correct answer is (A).

The original sentence properly uses the modifying pair "not only . . . but also." The two modifying phrases ("not only by increased" and "but also by increased") are grammatically parallel.

Choice (B) suffers from faulty parallelism. The second use of "by" is redundant.

Choice (C) also suffers from faulty parallelism; the word "by" is improperly omitted after "but also."

Choice (D) improperly uses the modifying pair "not only... but" instead of the idiomatically proper "not only ... but also."

Choice (E) is awkwardly phrased; it should exclude "also."

6. The correct answer is (C).

The original sentence is faulty in two respects. The noun clause (preceding the first comma) is awkward. Also, it is unclear what "it" refers to in the modifying prepositional phrase "from it."

Choice (B) improperly uses "that" instead of "which." Also, it is unclear what "resulting" refers to here - DNA strands or damage to the DNA strands.

Choice (C) improves on the awkward use of a noun clause in the first part of the original sentence The infinitive "to rebuild" and the phrase "as a result" clarify the meaning of the second part of the sentence. In spite of its use of the passive voice ("enzymes are deployed"), choice (C) is the best response.

Choice (D) separates the relative pronoun "which" from its intended antecedent "enzymes."

Choice (E) improperly uses the plural "are repaired" and "result" in reference to the singular "damage." Also, the phrase "deployed special enzymes" awkwardly strings together a verb (used as an adjective) and another adjective.

7. The correct answer is (A).

The original sentence is the best choice; it contains no errors in grammar, diction, or usage.

Choice (B) improperly uses "which" instead of "that." Also, "but rather" is idiomatically preferable to "but instead" in this sentence. Finally, this sentence's overall construction, especially considering the final clause, is somewhat awkward.

rules

Choice (C) includes the awkward phrase "most instilling." Also, placing the phrase "in the populace" between the verb "instilling" and the direct object "a sense ..." confuses the sentence's meaning.

Choice (D) is awkwardly constructed. The modifying phrase "a suit of gold and greed" should
appear immediately after the subject to which it refers - the California gold rush.

Choice (E) uses the awkward passive construction ("was instilled by") instead of the preferred active construction ("gold rush instilled").

8. The correct answer is (E).

Choice (A) uses "of" twice; the result is wordy and arguably idiomatically improper.

Choices (B) and (C) are idiomatically improper; a person is said to dispose of something.

Choice (D) is redundant in its use of the word 'used"; the word "means" adequately conveys the meaning.

Choice (E) is idiomatically proper.

9. The correct answer is (B).

The original sentence improperly uses the adjective “hasty” instead of the adverb "hastily" to modify the verb "provide."

Choice (B) remedies the problem in the original sentence.

Choice (C) fails to correct the error in the original sentence and commits a similar error in its use of “happy” instead of "happily."

Choice (C) also creates two successive modifying phrases ("providing ..." and "who ... ") but no predicate; the result is a long sentence fragment.

Choice (D) also creates a long but incomplete sentence.

Choice (E) creates confusion by separating the verb "providing" from its object "credit information." Also, like choices (C) and (D), choice (E) establishes a long but incomplete sentence.

10. The correct answer is (C).

The original sentence is faulty in two respects. First, the singular "model" disagrees with the plural "their" (which logically refers to "models"). Second, the first clause is inconsistent in grammatical construction with the second clause, making for an awkward and confusing sentence.

risk assessment

Choice (B) improperly uses the modifying phrase "which assess risk" to describe computer models in general, thereby distorting the sentence's probable meaning.

Choice (C) remedies both problems in the original sentence. The plural "models" agrees with the pronoun "their," and the construction of the first clause is grammatically consistent with that of the second clause.

Choice (D) improperly modifies "sophistication" with the possessive pronoun "their." It is unclear whether "their ability" refers to "computer models" or "sophistication."

Choice (E) improperly uses the phrase "is limited" to describe "assessing risk." The computer models' ability, not assessing risk, is limited.

11. The correct answer is (D).

Choice (A) contains a vague pronoun reference. It is unclear what the second "that" refers to.

Choice (B) improperly uses "That that" instead of the idiomatically proper "That which" in the main clause that begins the sentence. Also, the phrase "of which" leaves it unclear as to what "itself" refers.

Choice (C) reverses the subject and predicate of the main clause, resulting in a confusing and awkward sentence.

Choice (D) restates the idea of the first clause of the original sentence more succinctly and dearly, as well as making it dear by the use of "and this fact" that the idea in the latter part of the sentence refers to the earlier statement itself.

Choice (E) creates a vague and ambiguous modifying clause (following the comma). It is undear what the relative pronoun "which" refers to.

12. The correct answer is (A).

The original sentence correctly uses the singular pronoun "its" in referring to the singular "bureaucracy." Also, choice (A) is consistent in its future tense and perspective.

Choice (B) confuses the sentence's time perspective (tense). The use of "would" calls for the use of the subjunctive in the beginning of the sentence: "should the corporate bureaucracy persist..."

Choice (C) improperly uses the plural pronoun "their" in referring to the singular "bureaucracy."

Choice (D) confuses the sentence's tense in the same manner as choice (B). Also, the placement of "themselves" obscures the sentence's meaning.

Choice (E) uses an ambiguous syntax that suggests (perhaps improperly) that only chief executives will be exposed to class-action litigation.

13. The correct answer is (C).

The original sentence improperly uses "less" instead of "fewer" in reference to a numerical quantity (the number of chemicals tested). Also, the modifier "most of which" is separated from its antecedent ("thirty"), resulting in confusion as to whether "most of which" refers to the thirty chemicals tested or the tests themselves.

Choice (B) confuses the meaning of the sentence by placing "most of which" immediately after "one thousand chemicals in coffee." This construction improperly suggests that one thousand chemicals produce cancer in laboratory rats.

Choice (C) remedies both problems in the original sentence.

Choice (D) improperly uses "less" instead of "fewer." Also, it is unclear whether "most of them" refers to "one thousand chemicals" or to "less than thirty"; the construction is ambiguous and confusing.

Choice (E) improperly uses "less" instead of "fewer." Also, the phrase "most of the less than" is awkward and confusing.

14. The correct answer is (B).

The original sentence is not a complete sentence.

Choice (B) completes the sentence without committing any errors in grammar or diction.

Choice (C) improperly uses "that of" which in this construction refers to nothing (it is a dangling modifier).

Choice (D) is nonsensical; the basis for comparison as well as what is being compared is ambiguous.

Choice (E) improperly (and nonsensically) suggests that volatility is less than eighty percent of "broader stock indices" (instead of "the volatility of broader stock indices").

15. The correct answer is (B).

The original sentence suffers from faulty parallelism. Each of the three items in the underlined clause should be similar in grammatical construction. Although "actors" and "musicians" both describe the celebrities themselves, "some other high-profile vocation" does not.

Choice (B) establishes a consistent (parallel) grammatical construction among the three items in the series. In choice (B), each of the three items refers dearly to a vocation.

Choice (C) fails to establish parallel grammatical construction among the three items in the series.

Choice (D) also fails to establish parallel grammatical construction; "otherwise a high profile one" refers to a vocation, not a person.

Choice (E) creates a new faulty parallel structure by including "are" in only two of the three items in the series.

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