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Время: 28 минут
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6.Only one pie can win first place at the annual pie-baking contest held at the county fair. Pies will be judged for flavor, freshness of ingredients, proper "doneness," and distinctness among the pies entered in the contest. The contest rules provide that only fruittilled pies may be entered.

Which of the following would best support a prediction that the winning pie at the pie-baking contest will be a cherry pie?

(A) More cherry pies than any other type of pie have been entered in the contest.

(B) Achieving proper doneness is more difficult with fresh cherries than with other pie ingredients.

(C) Fresh fruits are not available to any of the pie-baking contestants.

(D) Judges prefer the flavor of cherry pies over the flavors of other pies.

(E) Baking fresh cherries to their proper doneness results in over-baking the pie's crust.




7.Our nation's public policy dictates that our lands be put to their most economically productive uses. Although farm subsidies help farmers avoid bankruptcy during years in which they lose their crops due to natural disasters, in the long term, subsidies provide a disincentive for farmers to farm productively. Therefore, farms will be less productive economically over time as a result of the current subsidy system than they would be without any subsidy system at all.


Which one of the following best expresses the main point of the argument above?

(A) Farm subsidies result in less than optimal farm productivity.

(B) Our nation's public policy should be modified to accommodate farm subsidies.

(C) Farmers should strive to make more productive use of their farmland.

(D) Farm productivity is more important than whether farmers operate their farms profitably.

(E) The current farm subsidy system amounts to a violation of our nation's public policy.

8. Some people with a Bachelor's degree are eligible for the internship program with the district attorney's office. If a person meets the eligibility requirements for the program, that person is likely to gain admission to the local law school if he or she applies, whether or not that person actually participates in the internship program. However, no person without a Bachelor's degree is eligible to participate in the internship program.

If the statements above are all true, which of the following is properly inferred from them?

(A) All people with a Bachelor's degree who apply for admission to the local law school are likely to gain admission.

(B) Some people likely to gain admission to the local law school would not have been eligible for the internship program.

(C) Some people with a Bachelor's degree are likely to gain admission to the local law school if they apply.

(D) All people eligible for the internship program hold Bachelor degrees.

(E) Without a Bachelor's degree, a person cannot gain admission to the local law school.

9. A child's conception of whether certain behavior is right or wrong, referred to as "behavioral predisposition," is fully developed by the age of 10. During a person's teenage years, other teenagers with whom the person associates regularly have a significant influence on whether the person later acts in accordance with his or her predisposition. In other words, teenagers tend to mimic their peers' behavior. It is interesting to note that the vast majority of adult criminals also committed crimes as teenagers and associated primarily with other teenagers who later became adult criminals.

Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn from the information above?

(A) A child's conception of whether certain behavior is right or wrong can change during the child's teenage years.

(B) Until a child becomes a teenager, it is impossible to predict whether the child will eventually become an adult criminal.

(C) Law-abiding adults are unlikely to have developed a predisposition for adult criminal behavior.

(D) An adult criminal is likely to have been predisposed as a child to criminal behavior.

(E) Preteen children who are not predisposed to criminal behavior are unlikely to become adult criminals.

10. Driving excessively fast has been demonstrated to decrease the number of miles one can drive per gallon of fuel. Gary has recently been experiencing a decrease in mileage per gallon of fuel while driving his car. This clearly proves that Gary has been driving excessively fast lately.

Which of the following statements, if true, would most seriously weaken the conclusion about Gary's driving?

(A) Recently, Gary's speedometer has been indicating the speed of his car as lower than the car's actual speed.

(B) Recently Gary has been driving more miles per day on average than before he began experiencing a decrease in fuel mileage.

(C) Other tests have shown that a car's speed affects fuel mileage more than any other single factor.

(D) Before Gary began driving excessively fast, his speedometer overrepresented his car's actual speed.

(E) Recently, the tires on Gary's car have been losing air pressure, and low tire air pressure is known to lower fuel mileage.


11. According to the school's principal, no teacher who refuses to participate in the afternoon con­ference was allowed to attend the buffet dinner immediately after the conference. Sanjay, who is one of the school's teachers, is not the sort of per­son to refuse a buffet dinner; yet I'm certain Sanjay was not at the dinner. I can only conclude that Sanjay refused to participate in the conference.

Which of the following demonstrates a pattern of reasoning most like the flawed reasoning in the argument above?

(A) All attentive students are rewarded with high grades in school. Alan is not attentive as a student. Therefore, he will not be rewarded with high grades in school.

(B) Every person seated in the front row can hear the coach's instructions to his players. Ursula can hear the coach's instructions. Therefore, Ursula must be seated in the front row.

(C) Anyone who claims to have been abducted by aliens is either not being truthful or is mistaken about whether he or she has been abducted by aliens. Sandy is always truth­ful. Therefore, she has not been abducted by aliens.

(D) Every legislator is in favor of the bill. Martha is not in favor of the bill. Therefore, she must not be a legislator.

(E) This sculpture is either priceless or a worth­less fake. This sculpture is not a worthless fake. Therefore, it is priceless.

12.Since the release of MicroTeam Corporation's newest version of its ActiveWeb software, more copies of this new version have been sold than any software product that competes with ActiveWeb. Therefore, MicroTeam Corporation's marketing campaign to promote the new version of ActiveWeb was highly effective.

Which of the following, if true, provides the best indication that the conclusion in the argument above is logically well supported?

(A) The number of potential purchasers of ActiveWeb and of products that compete with it has increased since the release of the new version of ActiveWeb.

(B) The number of products competing with ActiveWeb has diminished since the release of the new version of ActiveWeb.

(C) The new version of ActiveWeb corrected every known operational problem with previous versions.

(D) More copies of the new version of ActiveWeb have been sold than of any earlier version of ActiveWeb.

(E) Shortly after the release of the new version of ActiveWeb, a popular and influential magazine recommended a competing product over the new version of ActiveWeb.

13. Because people are living longer, they are developing more new types of ailments. Pharmaceutical companies are responding by developing new prescription drugs that prevent these new ailments. But elderly people of modest financial means must essentially choose among ailments because our federal health-insurance program for the elderly does not cover prescription drugs. Thus, to promote health among our elderly citizens, the federal government should force pharmaceutical companies to lower their prices for these new drugs.

Each of the following, if true, weakens the conclusion above EXCEPT:

(A) If forced to reduce their prices for the new drugs, pharmaceutical companies could not afford to develop drugs for the prevention of more new ailments.

(B) The new drugs prevent not only new types of ailments but also ailments already common among elderly people.

(C) Other new drugs are available to treat, but not prevent, the same new ailments.

(D) None of the new drugs has been shown to prolong an elderly person's life.

(E) The federal health insurance program for the elderly covers all medical expenses of the elderly other than prescription drugs.

14. Everybody agrees that a decline in the quality of television programming invariably results in a decrease in television viewership. Members of the Television Writers Union are threatening to go on strike this season in order to compel the television studios to meet certain demands. Clearly, the movie studios whose movies are shown in theaters should hope that the television writers will indeed decide to go on strike.

Each of the following must be assumed to be true in order for the conclusion above to be properly drawn EXCEPT:

(A) Television writers are not the same writers who write screenplays for movies shown in movie theaters.

(B) An increase in movie theater attendance will result in increased profits for movie theaters.

(C) A television writers' strike would result in a decline in the quality of television programming.

(D) Movie studio profits are directly correlated to the profits of the movie theaters themselves.

(E) When people watch less television, their movie theater attendance increases.

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